Chemical fiber production is a continuous process of continuous production, generally requiring no fault continuous operation for more than 8000 hours within a year, that is, the reliability of the operation of chemical fiber equipment is higher than the general textile machinery and equipment. Chemical fiber is generally divided into two major categories: man-made fibers and synthetic fibers. China's chemical fiber is dominated by synthetic fiber, while synthetic fiber is focused on polyester fiber. The scale of its production is increasing. Polyester staple fiber production equipment with an annual output of 30,000 tons to 100,000 tons has matured. This article takes an example of an annual output of 30,000 tons of polyester staple fiber production equipment. Polyester staple fiber production equipment includes textile machinery and post-processing combined machines.
Textile weaving machines include spinning machines (mainly spinning boxes, spinning components, spinning pumps, metering pumps, cooling blows and oiling, biphenyl heating, etc.), winding machines (mainly oiling, traction machines, Feeders, etc.) and wire bucket reciprocating devices (mainly including in-pump delivery, trolleys, longitudinal and lateral motion devices, tow delivery devices, etc.).
Post-processing combined machine includes bundle rack, guide wire machine, oil immersion tank, a drafting machine, water bath, two drafting machines, steam heating pipe, tension heat setting machine, cooling spray machine, three tractors, folding wire Machines, three-roller tractors, tensioners, steam preheaters, crimpers, wire feeders, conveyors, slack heat setting machines, traction tensioners, traction machines, cutting machines and balers.
2 control system
The block diagram of the control system of polyester staple fiber production equipment is shown in Fig. 1. The system uses an industrial computer as the host computer and PLC as the control core of each subsystem. The PLC of each sub-system communicates with the inverters, servo controllers, field I/O, etc. via fieldbus (Profibus-DP) to form a fieldbus control system, and PLCs and operator stations and engineer stations of each sub-system pass Industrial Ethernet (Ethernet) communicates to implement plant-level and plant-level information control and provide real-time data. Provides the conditions for the integration of management and control.
2.1 Spinning Machine Control
Spinning machine main technical features:
Daily output: 100t/d;
Number of spinning positions: 32 or 36;
Mechanical speed: 500 ~ 1500m/min;
Wire barrel longitudinal speed: 5~10m/min;
Silk barrel lateral speed: 0.5 ~ 3.5m/min;
The total power of the machine is 460kW (of which the transmission power is 160kW and the combined heating is 300kW).
Control system block diagram shown in Figure 1, the control system includes engineer station, operator station, spinning control, winding feed control, silk bucket reciprocating control substation.
The operator station completes the display of the production process screen, and can set, modify, record, query, print and record, query and print the process parameters and PID adjustment parameters.
In addition to the main functions of the operator station, the engineer station also has the functions of programming, configuration, debugging, and modification of multiple production lines (such as spinning and post-processing combined machines), and also has a fault diagnosis function.
Both the operator station and the engineer station are implemented by industrial computers. The man-machine interface adopts the touch screen, which can conveniently set the spinning process parameters, operation control, working condition display, fault alarm display, data record and query records on the touch screen.
(1) The block diagram of the spinning machine control system is shown in Fig. 2.
Spinning PLC (1PLC) monitors the speed and frequency of 32 spinning pumps, 1 oil pump, and monitors the temperature and pressure of 4 spinning boxes. The system is equipped with 4 on-site I/Os, which are realized by man-machine interface. The setting and modification of process parameters, the collection of relevant data, and the control of the operation of the above equipment.
(2) The block diagram of the winding feed control system is shown in Fig. 3. The winding PLC (2PLC) controls the speed of the 1~6 pulling roller, godet roller, feed roller, and oil pump (wheel) motor. Control the spinning air blower with 5 on-site I/Os, complete the setting, modification and data acquisition of the process parameters via the touch screen.
Each roller between the traction roller 1 to the traction roller 6 may generate a power running state when pulling the tow, that is, a reverse drag phenomenon, which will cause the traction ratio to be unstable. For this purpose, a common DC bus supply method is adopted, and a total of six traction rollers 1 to 6 are powered by one rectifying unit to ensure that the regenerative energy generated by the motor running in power generation is consumed by the motor that is in electric operation. In this way, the negative power energy can be automatically balanced by the DC bus, and in addition, the DC voltages of the inverters are connected in parallel, and the capacity of the filter capacitor is increased. Therefore, the voltage of the DC bus is not increased, and the stability of the draft ratio is ensured.
(3) As shown in Fig.4, the control system of the retort reciprocating device is characterized in that the reciprocating PLC (3 PLC) controls the precise transmission of the longitudinal and transverse servo motors of the reciprocating device of the wire barrel, and the related parameters are set and modified through the touch screen. Collection, at the same time with a fixed-length device, to determine the length of each barrel to determine the length, so that the waste of the silk barrel to minimize the tail.
The direct spinning spinning machine shall also include the melt piping booster pump PLC station (4 PLC). The PLC station is mainly used to control the temperature and melt pressure of the melt piping. The booster pump adopts AC asynchronous motor transmission and vector control is selected. Inverter precisely adjusts the speed and regulates the melt pressure in the piping.
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