In recent years, the pollution problem of denim processing has received widespread attention from public opinion. The denim industry is facing severe challenges. Denim garment dyeing and finishing processes consume large amounts of water and wastewater, and the concentration of pollutants in wastewater is high. Under the current trend of environmental protection, production methods at the expense of the environment will be phased out. Major denim manufacturers will introduce new technologies, new equipment, and new additives in order to achieve green transformation and development.
The environmental protection technology of denim finishing process
(1) Mercerized alkali recovery technology
In order to increase the long-lasting luster of the cotton fiber and improve the stability of the fabric size, the cotton fiber needs to be mercerized with caustic soda. The alkali remaining on the cotton fibers after being mercerized is washed off. The concentration of these spent alkalis is about 40 to 50 g/L. If not recycled, this will not only cause waste, but will also greatly increase the difficulty of sewage treatment. As a result of both economic and environmental benefits, mercerized alkali recovery equipment is gradually welcomed by printing and dyeing enterprises.
(2) Recycling of printing and dyeing wastewater
Printing and dyeing wastewater has the characteristics of large color, large COD, large alkaline, poor biodegradability, and large changes in water temperature. It has become one of the most important water pollution sources in China. At present, the utilization of printing and dyeing wastewater is less than 10%, which is far lower than other industries. The processing of the denim processing wastewater enables the main indicators such as CODcr, suspended solids concentration, pH value and chroma to reach the standards for the reuse of process water or intermediate water in various processes for dyeing, rinsing, greening, cleaning and other purposes, thereby increasing resources. The utilization rate and the reduction of sewage discharge contribute to the greenization of the cowboy production method.
(3) Foam Technology
Foam technology uses a small amount of liquid to mix air into a liquid through certain equipment and foaming agent to form a metastable foam that is required by the foam dyeing and finishing technology, and applies the foam to the fabric in a uniform state to achieve the desired effect. A new dyeing and finishing technology. Foam dyeing and finishing technology is a typical low-liquid-saving energy-saving process. It can evenly distribute chemical agents under the condition of minimum moisture content, which is in full compliance with the development direction of green dyeing and finishing.
Eco-friendly garment washing technology
(1) Low bath ratio washing technology
Washing process is an important production link in the jeans industry, but there are problems such as high energy consumption, high water consumption, and high pollution. Italy's Tongnai Road has developed water washing equipment with high efficiency, energy saving and water-saving advantages. The equipment has a small bath ratio (1:5 to 1:7) and has a good handling capacity. The patented JET SYSTEM can be configured to achieve 1:2. ~ 1:3 bath ratio.
(2) Ozone washing technology
Ozone technology has many application advantages in denim garment processing, including reducing the consumption of water and chemicals, shortening process time and processes, and cleaning and environmental protection. The ozone washing machine can apply the ozone generated by the ozone generator to the garment washing process, and generate an achromatic bleaching effect through ozone. Such equipment is mainly used for the distressed treatment of denim products. By adjusting the amount of ozone generated, different degrees of treatment effects can be achieved. Ozone washing machines do not use chemicals and can save a lot of water resources, so they meet the requirements of ecological and environmental protection.
(3) Full Enzymatic Water Washing Process
The enzymatic water washing process creates a new denim style by using enzymes instead of chemicals in the denim process to ensure that denim garment processing has minimal environmental impact.
(4) Laser engraving
The cowboy laser engraving process directly replaces the process of hand rubbing and spraying of chemicals in denim washing. It can produce effects such as image patterns, gradient patterns, cat whiskers, and matte on denim fabrics. While increasing the added value of products, it greatly reduces The waste of water resources and the discharge of washing wastewater have not only ensured the clean and safe processing environment, but also catered for the trend of energy saving and emission reduction. The laser engraving equipment adopts the principle of automatic operation and control system and laser non-contact thermal processing. The personalized washing effect of stoneware, sandblasting, 3D whiskers, and tattered jeans made by software replaces the traditional manual hand rubbing process. Compared with the traditional cumbersome manual processing, laser engraving only needs to import the processing graphics once, and multiple processing steps can be completed at one time, which is more efficient and saves a lot of labor costs.
Laser engraving equipment
With the increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements and pressure from non-governmental organizations, the labor-intensive denim industry has encountered great challenges. In order to achieve the sustainable development of enterprises, the major denim processing enterprises have gradually embarked on the road of transformation and upgrading, and environmental protection processing technology has become an inevitable choice for enterprises.
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